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Title
IAH - Groundwater and Rural Water Supply in Africa
Abstract
Over much of Africa, groundwater is the only
realistic water supply option for meeting dispersed
rural demand. Alternative water resources can be
unreliable and difficult or expensive to develop:
surface water is prone to contamination, often
seasonal, and needs to be piped to the point of
need; rainwater harvesting is expensive and
requires good rainfall throughout the year.
The characteristics of groundwater make it well
suited to the more demand responsive and
participatory approaches of rural water and
sanitation programmes:
• Groundwater resources are often resistant to
drought.
• Groundwater can generally be found close to
the point of demand (if you look hard enough
with appropriate expertise).
• Groundwater is generally of excellent natural
quality and requires no prior treatment.
• Groundwater can be developed incrementally,
and often accessed cheaply.
• Technology is often amenable to community
operation and management.
• Groundwater is naturally protected from
contamination.
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